Identifying Key Challenges and Professional Development Needs in Social Work and Counselling under Conditions of Social Instability

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse critical challenges and gaps in professional preparedness among social workers, and to propose evidence-based directions for enhancing counselling practices and supervision mechanisms. The methodology of the research included surveys, a comparative analysis, and the method of social modelling using four typical counselling scenarios. The study revealed several significant findings: 50% of respondents rated their preparedness for client work as no higher than 3 out of 5, 40% had undergone additional training after completing higher education, and 75% reported lacking a permanent supervisor. While these figures highlight current professional gaps, the study’s original contribution lies in identifying the structural and procedural factors underlying insufficient preparedness and support, and in demonstrating how targeted supervision and digital training interventions can enhance methodological competence. These findings can inform the planning of educational programs, the development of counselling standards, the implementation of structured supervision, and the adaptation of methods to meet the specific needs of vulnerable social groups in contexts of social instability, thus advancing theoretical understanding of the interplay between professional preparedness, organizational support, and effective counselling outcomes.